Labeling and Discrimination free essay sample

Hypothesis is the criminal procedure. It is the manner in which individuals and activities are characterized as criminal. The one unmistakable thing that all â€Å"criminals† share is the negative social response as being named as ‘bad†. Honest society frequently avoids the wrongdoer making them be criticized and generalized. The negative name applied to a wrongdoer regularly shapes their mental self portrait and frequently drives them to satisfy their freshly discovered character by carrying out acts that are increasingly criminal. Edwin Lemert portrayed this as being auxiliary aberrance brought about by essential abnormality. The self-idea distinguishes two significant hypothetical points of view. The main idea being that degenerate marking may along these lines impact abnormality by adjusting a person’s self-esteem. The job of self-elements and representative response intensifies negative desires for society. The subsequent idea centers around social structure parts of avoidance of offender’s by blocked access to basic chances. Matsudo, 1992) This at last becomes segregation for individuals marked by society as â€Å"criminals†. We will compose a custom paper test on Naming and Discrimination or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page â€Å"Felon† is a name that is given to ex-guilty parties by society that affirms the corrupting status that goes with conviction. This is naming. A wrongdoer is oppressed in light of the fact that society sees them as being â€Å"bad†. To put it plainly, a â€Å"felon† is a legitimate fugitive and social untouchable. Not all the decency that an individual may have done beforehand out of nowhere matters and society accept that there is only vile attributes left in this person’s character. Their trustworthiness is lost for eternity. Society accept that â€Å"felons† can't change and it turns into a battle to be given another opportunity to demonstrate that individuals can, and do change, if the will to do so is there combined with the instruments expected to accomplish a wrongdoing free life are too. The disgrace connected to â€Å"felons† is extraordinary to such an extent that most open doors for instruction, business, and lodging are difficult to get. These chances (apparatuses) are frequently blocked in light of the fact that the guilty party has a criminal conviction. On the off chance that society needs a lower crime percentage, at that point it appears that these open doors ought to be accessible to people in this classification. So as to restore people there must be a path for them to raise their mental self view and search out a wrongdoing free life. A feeling of self-pride and accomplishment for some, wrongdoers could be the defining moment in life required for them. Thus, the crime percentage would diminish. (Bodwitch, 1993, Freeman, 1991, Hagan, 1991, Link, 1982, Sullivan, 1989) These people groups are no less human or equivalent than some other with the exception of that they have committed an error. Our general public has by one way or another concluded it to be worthy to treat this gathering of individuals, and there are in excess of 2,000,000 in the United States, as untouchables, undeserving of lodging, work, or instruction. Society has concluded that â€Å"felons† ought not just carry out the punishment given as discipline for their wrongdoing, they ought to be rebuffed for the remainder of their lives. This appears to be exceptionally out of line and savage. As I would like to think, we as a country ought to be not be oppressing this gathering of individuals, yet rather ought to be giving them equivalent chance to be instructed with the goal that they can get work to help themselves and their families. They ought to have a similar chance to live in sufficient lodging similarly as the remainder of society does. This would be a positive development to help increment the mental self portrait that has been broken by marking and conceivably discourage any conduct by reacting to this naming by proceeded with crime as a methods for guard, adjustment, or by assaulting back at society. (Bernberg) Education is the initial step to restoring a guilty party. Numerous guilty parties don't have a secondary school instruction. Some can't peruse or compose. So as to get beneficial business adequate to help ones self or a family, they should have at any rate essential training. If not, some type of wrongdoing will be utilized to make up for the absence of salary gave by work. So as to be utilized by any organization you should have a secondary school recognition or a GED endorsement. Denying instruction is a type of separation to smother a gathering of individuals from productive business. Business is probably the hardest thing for a guilty party to get. Work applications request any feelings to be recorded. On the off chance that an offense isn't recorded on the application, it very well may be an explanation behind end. Anybody that chooses not to uncover their feelings risks losing profits by long stretches of business, for example, their retirement benefits as well as clinical inclusion. As a general rule, if an offense is recorded on the application it will be an excluding factor for thought of the position. Regardless of whether the offense doesn't preclude the candidate the simple certainty that there are such a significant number of individuals searching for work that the candidate with no past feelings will most likely be put ahead on the passing rundown for business. Most businesses see a â€Å"felon† similarly as the remainder of society does. They don't need an individual of this character working for them since they may see them as being exploitative, or they may even be alarmed of the â€Å"felon†. This act of requesting feelings on business applications is additionally a type of separation. It enormously diminishes the chance of productive work for â€Å"criminals† by requesting this data. The past feelings of an individual doesn't have any bearing on whether they are the best qualified candidate for the position offered by an organization. In the event that any individual is denied business and has no real way to help himself or his family, that individual will at last go to some type of wrongdoing so as to do as such. The wrongdoer will adjust and satisfy social orders hopes of them. On the off chance that this sort of separation stops, there is a likelihood that more wrongdoers will adjust to the desires for society and restore into profitable residents, subsequently, diminishing wrongdoing in our networks. Another region of segregation for guilty parties is the lodging market. Society doesn't need anybody with a â€Å"criminal† past living in their locale among them. A guilty party can have a conviction that is more than twenty years of age and still be denied lodging in numerous networks, for example, trailer parks, high rises s, private rentals, and even from some home credits. A few networks won't permit anybody with a criminal history to live there. An individual could have had their offenses excused by the court and still be precluded in light of the fact that from securing the allegation alone. A large number of the administration programs offered to help low-salary individuals are not accessible to anybody with a lawful offense. A â€Å"felon† is naturally excluded from accepting any assistance from government programs. Offender’s regularly wind up living in networks that are offered by â€Å"slum lords† in regions that have a greater crime percentage than in different territories. This act of segregation could prompt guilty parties falling go into carrying out criminal acts in light of the fact that different hoodlums encompass them, accordingly, fortifying a negative mental self portrait perhaps prompting an arrival to crimes. On the off chance that society keeps on tolerating the criminology hypothesis it will keep on messing social up for both the network and the offender†. Naming is a venturing stone in the advancement of criminal vocations. †(Benrburg) This social issue ruins people’s lives and makes an example of recidivism. T he objective of society ought to be to attempt to discover approaches to diminish wrongdoing, not excuse rehearses that will conceivably expand wrongdoing. Everybody merits another opportunity in life to address the errors that have made. On the off chance that society rushed to give another opportunity, all things considered to name and denounce somebody for their slip-ups, we might restore a decent number of guilty parties into beneficial residents. Our country could even diminish the crime percentage simultaneously. None of different acts of the criminal equity framework is by all accounts working well indeed, perhaps a methodology of expelling the hindrances blocking instruction, business, and lodging may have a beneficial outcome.

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

Authority - Essay Example Order believing is significant in limiting vital botches as plans are completely considered. It advances an arrangement of self/inner rectification while simultaneously improving away from of definition and usage of thoughts. It upgrades an organization’s self-control, self-observing and self-remedial reasoning and separated from improving and powerful and open correspondence inside the association, it empowers compelling understanding of thoughts prompting strong ends and arrangements, testing them against applicable models and norms. Key reasoning spares costs that might be brought about from poor dynamic - capital that can be diverted towards further turn of events (Encyclopedia of Creativity, Invention, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 2013). The association has additional time displayed trained reasoning and conduct that has served to move it to worldwide statures. For instance, the plan to build up workplaces worldwide has extended the market and shopper base to each edg e of the world and lift its seriousness. Likewise, the expanded assortment of merchandise and ventures offered, for example, credit and banking administrations, computer game gear, cell phones, TVs, music and sound frameworks, apparel among others has seen to a catching of a great many differed customers on a worldwide scale. Taught believing is a procedure that can be upgraded in an association by advancing and empowering new thoughts among laborers and persuading workers to feel a vital part of the association. The laborers must feel that the organization’s issues are their issues so as to be inventive and innovative enough. Instances of disparagement of thoughts and negative office tattle must be gotten rid of from the work environment and the individuals who have seen their thoughts fall flat or get dismissed by the association must be urged to trooper on and not quit as further developments and thoughts could offer a forward leap and shape fortune of the association. Key reasoning can additionally still be advanced by comprising thought sharing gatherings, courses and appropriate, advantageous channels among all laborers with improved open upward, descending and sideways correspondence for stream of thoughts. Laborers ought to be offered a favorable, quiet and tranquil work environment and their endeavors and achievements perceived through advancements, pay rises, representative of the length grants, gatherings, outings and get-aways completely provided food for by the association, etc. Positive aberrance is

Positive Working Practice Essay Example

Positive Working Practice Paper Positive working practice empowers wellbeing and social consideration laborers to meet the particular needs of customers. Every region of work needs to guarantee that it addresses the issues everything being equal. This implies everybody must approach every one of these administrations paying little heed to their capacities. Positive working practice turns into an incredible resource while thinking about how it tends to be applied to help those with extra needs. Before this was executed, it was a typical for people with extra should be relied upon to fit in with the remainder of society. This implied their necessities were not being met. No genuine exertion was placed into closing if the treatment they were accepting was useful to them or not. Lately, this has been changed. Administrations give a progressively tolerant orientated assessment. Which means the patient is legitimately engaged with each choice made. This left all unequivocal activity down to them, guaranteeing they got the treatment they required and felt OK with. Taking a gander at this from the point of view of somebody with extra needs, you can reason that this strategy would cause them to feel in charge of their condition. As opposed to somebody determining what they think ought to be done, they choose. This is powerful in light of the fact that all things considered, the individual is the one with the condition and not the specialist organizations. They will have a superior comprehension of what will work for them and what won't. We will compose a custom exposition test on Positive Working Practice explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Positive Working Practice explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Positive Working Practice explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer In view of the more dynamic job in the dynamic procedure, people will have a superior comprehension of what will occur. This guarantees individuals with extra needs are not being talked at; rather they are having an included conversation with someone else on equivalent footing. Imagine a scenario where the individual isn't intellectually fit for settling on choices with respect to their prosperity. In what manner can wellbeing and social consideration suppliers offer types of assistance that address the issues of customers that are not intellectually equipped for settling on choices about their prosperity? Choices in such situations will be made by confided in relatives or family members. This guarantees the choices made have the interests of the customer as a main priority. In any case, the Mental Capacity Act 2005 permits specialists to overrule choices in specific situations. It tends to be contested this is minimize those with states of mind and will settle on the choices made by family members invalid. Despite the fact that, you could likewise contend that these choices depend on dread and an absence of clinical information, and not the requirements of the person. It is a troublesome liable to consider and sentiments will vary contingent upon the point of view. This to a great extent relies upon which model of inability is being thought of. Family members will attempt to adopt a progressively comprehensive strategy, yet will waver when attempting to mull over clinical parts of the situation. Such questions are basic on the grounds that the administration client won't have the option to offer their unequivocal input, leaving others to reason what they accept is best for them. The usage of Positive working practice isn't restricted to dynamic. It additionally guarantees that the administrations gave are promptly accessible to everybody. This implies should somebody settled on a specific help; it is ensured that they will be offered access to this administration. This can demonstrate hard for medicinal services administrations to accomplish. This is on the grounds that people will have altogether different needs and perspectives concerning what techniques ought to be taken. Implying that they should be as adaptable as conceivable to guarantee these necessities are met. The reason for positive working practice isn't to overwhelm people and offer types of assistance they have to everybody. Or maybe it is executed to guarantee that administrations are promptly accessible should anybody decide to utilize them. Individuals working in medicinal services are urged to give care in a way that helps customers rather than thoroughly taking care of them. This can be identified with the consideration palliative patients get. Care plans are collected utilizing the contribution of wellbeing experts and relatives. This permits the social insurance experts to give the clinical consideration required, while doing as such in an environment that causes the customer to feel good and noble. Customers are likewise tested to do what they are genuinely capable except if they or relatives have expressed something else. It is regular in wellbeing and clinical zones of care for people to be dealt with utilizing strategies that advance standardization. Applying my insight into positive working practice will demonstrate valuable when managing those with extra needs. It will empower me to give care in a way that regards the privileges of the patients. In spite of the fact that my cooperation with patients will be restricted, I can even now apply positive working practice into all parts of care. This could incorporate activities, for example, permitting wheelchair bound patients to ship themselves in the event that they are capable, not controlling it for them. I will likewise need to guarantee I adopt an all encompassing strategy to my treatment of patients. This is a strategy for that is found out through understanding and would not be something I could accomplish with no related knowledge. If I somehow happened to expect what could help someone in particular before I really come into contact with them, I won't execute a requirements drove way to deal with my consideration. Hence, it is significant that I apply my encounters into to future consideration with the goal that I can make enhancements when required.

Tourism in Melbourne Literature Review

The travel industry has gotten one of the most alluring areas of economy as an ever increasing number of voyagers leave their homes to acquire new encounters in various nations or in different conditions of their homeland.Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Tourism in Melbourne: Literature Review explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More This section of economy is growing quick yet it is still rather indistinct what pushes vacationers to result in these present circumstances or that nation, and, what is progressively significant, what causes them to go to a spot a few times. Melbourne is getting one of the busiest touristic goals (O’Toole 2011). Along these lines, the city stands out of scientists too. For example, Campo-Martã ­nez, Garau-Vadell and Martã ­nez-Ruiz (2009) focus on the return to aim. The scientists note that the gathering arrangement assumes a significant job in development of tourists’ aim to return. Nonetheless, the specialists additionally call attention to that negative encounters greaterly affect vacationers than positive encounters. Subsequently, the scientists make an important commitment taking note of that administrative mistakes can adversely influence the advancement of the travel industry. In actuality, appropriate administration and showcasing procedures make visitors propelled to return. Strangely, Prayag and Ryan (2011) investigated the connection among's nationality and persuasive perspectives among rehash and first-time travelers. For example, German and South African voyagers will in general take a stab at new encounters. In this way, it is basic to build up specific methodologies to give such travelers administrations and encounters they long for. Melbourne is where individuals can acquire an assortment of encounters. This city has a high decency file and voyagers give a ton of consideration to qualities remembered for this estimation. Ice et al. (2010) give significant bits of knowledge into the techniques planned for creating appropriate picture of touristic goals. Along these lines, the creators guarantee that Australia (and Melbourne, specifically) has created appropriate picture that pulls in travellers.Advertising Looking for proposition on interchanges media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The specialists note that Melbourne is described by significant qualities of liveability (for example dependability, human services, culture, condition, framework, training), however it is conceivable to concentrate on a particular ascribe to pull in more guests (Frost et al. 2010). Espresso customs and advancement of the cafã © conventions have made an impressive commitment to the improvement of the travel industry in the territory. Richards and Palmer (2012) consider various methodologies planned for pulling in explorers. The specialists stress that Melbourne is turning into a focal point of various occasions which are possibly fascinating to various gatherings of individuals (Richards Palmer 2012). Game occasions are unreasonably used to pull in explorers. This is one of the best systems to pull in sightseers to the city. Music and an assortment of workmanship celebrations additionally pull in heaps of sightseers to the zone. The analysts note that the occasions are held every year, which adds to production of return to expectation in voyagers. O’Toole (2011) centers around different procedures created and guarantees that calculated philosophies utilized have end up being viable. The scientist takes note of that intermingling examining method, which is utilized in the field, is additionally powerful and accommodating in uncovering idiosyncrasies of traveller’s inspiration. The scientist additionally underlines that starting various occasions empowers advertising administrators to draw in voyagers from various nations. These occasions incorporate business, game, a nd workmanship occasions. More or less, it is conceivable to take note of that the significant focal point of scientists is estimating tourists’ fulfillment and improvement of methodologies to draw in explorers. It is important to take note of that there are as yet various holes to be filled and further research is essential. It is as yet muddled what goal properties draw in guests and make them return. Outstandingly, however the significant traits of liveability have been broke down in detail, their effect on tourists’ decisions is as yet indistinct. It is essential to comprehend which liveability qualities draw in first-time vacationers and rehash guests to have the option to create legitimate procedures appropriate for the two gatherings of travellers.Advertising We will compose a custom proposition test on Tourism in Melbourne: Literature Review explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More along these lines, Melbourne as one of the most appealing goals of the present-day voyagers ought to be a subject of further research. Hence, it is urgent to investigate the effect Melbourne’s liveability properties have on the decisions made by first time and rehash guests. Reference List Campo-Martã ­nez, S, Garau-Vadell, JB Martã ­nez-Ruiz, MP 2009, ‘Factors inï ¬â€šuencing rehash visits to a goal: the inï ¬â€šuence of gathering composition’, Tourism Management, vol. xxx, pp. 1-9. Ice, W, Laing, J, Wheeler, F Reeves, K 2010, ‘Coffee culture, legacy and goal picture: Melbourne and the Italian model’, in Jolliffe, L (ed), Coffee culture, goals and the travel industry, Channel View Publications, Bristol, UK, pp. 89-99. O’Toole, W 2011, Events plausibility and advancement: from methodology to tasks, Routledge, Oxford, UK. Prayag, G Ryan, C 2011, ‘The connection between the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ elements of a visitor goal: the job of nationality †an expository subjective re search approach’, Current Issues in Tourism, vol. 14. no.2, pp. 121-143. Richards, G Palmer, R 2012, Eventful urban areas, Routledge, Oxford, UK. This proposition on Tourism in Melbourne: Literature Review was composed and put together by client Michaela Howe to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for research and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; in any case, you should refer to it likewise. You can give your paper here.

5 Paragraph Essay Topics For High School

5 Paragraph Essay Topics For High SchoolIf you are looking for 5 paragraph essay topics for high school, you will have to come up with your own guidelines. While the main aim of a high school essay is to provide an objective and analytical look at a topic, it is not necessary that all essays need to take on the same topic in order to be successful.In fact, some would argue that it is the specific topic that is most important, while others would say that it is the writing style that makes or breaks the essay. Nevertheless, even if you decide to tackle the topic of choice for your essay, you need to keep in mind that this is a guide to help you write good essays. You should be prepared to face any challenge that may come your way when writing your own essay.One of the best essay topics for high school that will help you succeed would be the history topic. If you have spent time learning about world events, you will learn more about history by writing a history based essay.History subje ct also presents the reader with an opportunity to get information in short form. With so many types of subjects you can choose from, you have a lot of scope for personal expression. You can explore your interests by writing a topic based essay and you will find that writing the history based essay does not require you to do much research.In addition to writing history based essays, good writers are able to write powerful essays. In fact, studies have shown that academic writings are generally judged on the basis of how well the writer used the skills of his/her pen. Good essay topics for high school include descriptive writing, and persuasive writing.It is not a difficult job to write powerful essays. Indeed, writing quality articles and books that attract attention to your brand can be one of the best essay topics for high school.Finally, remember that the more you know about the topic, the easier it will be to write an essay. As you explore new topics and types of essay topics fo r high school, you will become more aware of what you are looking for and you will be prepared to tackle any obstacle that may come your way.

Boxing Ancient Fight or Sport Competition

History of Boxing Introduction Boxing is usually deemed as the masculine sporting activity of self-defense between two persons, in which they throw punches against each other with the help of fists encased in gloves. A referee supervises a boxing match over rounds, a series of intervals that usually last from one to three minutes. The entire contest has a set number of rounds that usually last three minutes long and a rest period between rounds lasts one minute. The outcome is decided when a referee considers an opponent as incapable of continuing the competition, when a boxer gets disqualification for breaking rules, finishes a fight by throwing a towel, or judges pronounce a loser or winner showing scorecards at the end of the competition. Boxing remains a popular combat sport worldwide; it is exciting competition of will, reflexes, endurance, speed, and incredible strength by hitting each other with gloved hands.

Symbols Of Truth in Langston Hughes On The Road Essay

Langston Hughes uses beautiful symbolism and imagery in his literary work â€Å"On the Road†. Hughes offers up the idea that if one is to open ones heart; life will provide unlimited abundance. In this literary work, Langston Hughes uses nature to demonstrate and symbolize the unwillingness of his main character, Sargeant, to participate in life. Hughes also demonstrates the use of a person’s anger and instinct to survive and how they both can be used as powerful forces in breaking down racial barriers. Another more impacting symbol Hughes uses is Jesus Christ as a metaphor. Hughes uses this to show how people experience life and how the traditional church values contradict each other when it comes to the acceptance of human beings. Therefore†¦show more content†¦Hughes writes that if combined, the beauty of both night and snow create a perfect harmony. ...falling white and flaky against the night† (296). This line contrasts the flaky white colored snow a nd the darkness of the night to symbolize the white and black race. This contrast of light and dark created a perfect symmetry to the world and its society. Langston Hughes use of nature brings forth the thought of the outside world, but of a feeling of emotion in ones heart. Sometimes the simplest of nature’s creations have the biggest impact to the soul. Hughes realized this and expressed it in his work â€Å"On the Road†. Another point that is conveyed by Langston Hughes work is the use of anger and instinct to survive in his main character Sargeant. When combined, these two aspects of human nature can become a powerful force when it comes to taking action against the suppression of society. In a time of depression, Sargeant faced society with a vision of racism. And a feeling of anger is only natural when limitations are placed on one’s life. As Sargeants anger rose from being denied entry into a white church and being attacked for it, survival instinct ki cks in, while the feelings of being forced from God push him forward. Its plainly clear that Sargeant is struggling for his survival and it is also clear that due toShow MoreRelatedLorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun1260 Words   |  6 Pageslead each person down a road of self-discovery that reveals an indefinite amount of truths, which transform their promising hopes into unachievable fantasies. By using powerful characterization, Hansberry creates characters with contrasting personalities dividing their familial hopes into different dreams. With the use of symbolism, each character’s road is shown to inevitably end in a state where dreams are deferred. The preface of the book starts with an excerpt from Langston Hughes’s poem, â€Å"Harlem†Read MoreEssay Art Life of Langston Hughes5893 Words   |  24 Pagesthe fight against racism. One man used his art and the power of words to bring forth the issues of injustice suffered in America, he was Langston Hughes. Langston Hughes was a Negro Writer, born at the turn of the century in 1902, in Joplin, Missouri. His ancestry included three major race groups, however, he lived and was identified as a Negro or Colored (Hughes referred to himself as colored or Negro, because those were the terms used to refer to African-Americans in this era). He spent mostRead MoreLangston Hughes Research Paper25309 Words   |  102 PagesIn 1919, when Langston Hughes was seventeen years old, he spent the summer with his father, Jim Hughes, in Toluca, Mexico. Langston had not seen his father since he was a small child, and he was excited about making the trip. However, during this visit, no affectionate bond would develop between Langston and Jim. Jim Hughes was a cold, difficult man, who was driven by ambition to make money and achieve respect. He had moved to Mexico to avoid segregation and racial injustice in the United StatesRead MoreLiterary Terms3784 Words   |  16 Pagesdifferent and sometimes conflicting meanings in a work. Writers use ambiguity to make us think. Example: In Mystery of Heroism, Stephen Crane ends his story by not telling us if Collins came back with water or not. Example: In Weary Blues, Langston Hughes doesnt tell us exactly what happens to the blues player at the end. Aphorism A brief, cleverly worded statment that makes a wise observation about life. Benjamin Franklins Poor Richards Almanack is a book of aphorisms. We see them alsoRead MorePoverty and the American Dream Essay2446 Words   |  10 PagesSection 7 December 20,2012 The American Dream has driven many people for a long time. The dream has been presented in Hollywood movies showing a family or person striving to succeed in America. When the dream is mentioned it is done so as a powerful symbol inspiring a whole nation of immigrants. However, the â€Å"Dream† is misleading because it implies there is only one rather than many. Moreover, there are many perceptions of the American Dream and its fulfillment depends on culture, age and citizenshipRead More1. In publishing, what does it mean when the pages are uncut? What does that concept add to3200 Words   |  13 Pagesdid everything in his power to get his dream- becoming rich, moving next to her, devoting his existence for her, dying for her- he does not get his dream. 7. â€Å"Hold onto dreams for if dreams die, life is a broken-winged bird that cannot fly†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Langston Hughes). What is the value of Gatsby’s dream? Was it worth holding onto? What dreams should you hold onto? †¢ Gatsby’s dream is about the love he once had with Daisy. The value of his dream is his entire existence that got him to continue on with his

Ethical Influences and Misconduct in the Prison System - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2425 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Misconduct by Prison/Correctional Officer Are ethical influences imperative in the deterring of corruption by correctional officers within the prison system? à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Sometimes corruption is slowed by shedding light into what was previously shadowedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . (P Wolfowitz et al 1943) The human resources in the criminal justice system, incessantly has opportunities and temptations of committing unethical acts. Inclusively in correctional institutions, correctional officers are no exception. Prisons are by nature dangerous institutions whereby correctional officers portray themselves as the last line of defense and protectors of society when all else fails. The police arrest the offenders, the judges and magistrates convicts and sentence offenders and the prison officers keeps them locked away, under lock and key; subsequently keeping the most difficult, violent, sadistic criminals away from the innocent vulnerable members of society. It could be even debated that correctional officers duties can be considered under the teleological ethical system pertaining to the bad act of physically depriving human beings of their liberty, for the good of protecting society. The prison environment is shrouded by a level of secrecy and has its own culture and level of consciousness, which incorporates the invasion of corruption. There is an assumption that prison corruption can be deterred by the promoting of certain ethical systems, such as the ethics of care, the ethics of virtue while incorporating professional ethics, all with the aim of instilling a higher level of civility to evolve the correctional system with an aim to being less corrupted and a more utilitarian success. Defining civility and corruption Civility can be described as being self aware, having good faith, fairness, equity, humility, unselfishness, generosity, transcendence, compassion, and, human sensitivity regardless of their legal liberty status or who the inmate is. (Sam S. Souryal )These characteristics transcend proponents of ethics of virtue and care. In the correctional institutions ethics of care incorporates treating others with dignity, having a sense of mindfulness and promoting a rehabilitative environment. In the ethics of virtue treating others with respect and having positive characteristics is of great significance. (Pollock J et al) Although it may be challenging at times, it is at that moment when the professional ethics comes or should come to the forefront. In contrast corruption can be characterized by the vices of dishonesty, illegality, cruelty, and often deceitfulness. Corruption reinforces the instinctive urges to fabricate, violate, illegally acquire and cover up wrong doing or unethical and corrupted acts. There are three categories of corruption. Acts of misfeasance pertains to failure to perform legitimate acts that prison officials are supposed commit but instead willingly violate for personal gain. Acts o f Misfeasance usually occurs in high ranking officials in the prison hierarchy. Acts of malfeasance pertains to the commission of illegal acts or acts of misconduct that officers knowingly commit in violation of laws and or rules and regulations, such as the improper use of authority. Acts of malfeasance are usually committed by the lower or middle management levels(Braswell, McCarthy, McCarthy, 1984, p. 235).Acts of nonfeasance pertains to failure to perform legal duty, which can occur at all level of staff within the institution. (Braswell et al., 1984, p. 234). Braswell et al. (1984, p. 234) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“All institutions are prone to corruption and to the vices of their members.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ (Morris West et al 1916) Correctional Officers Subculture In correctional institutions there exist a correctional officers subculture. It can be argued that the beliefs, values and behaviours that form an à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“officer codeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  contributes to the rationalizati on of unethical and even illegal behaviours of correctional officers. The prison officer subculture depicts that the inmate may be considered the enemy, along with superiors and society in general. ( Sam s Souryal et al) The subculture is usually initiated and instilled on new officers by the veteran officers, often through Albert Banduraà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Social Learning Theory process. Whereby, an observerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behaviour changes after viewing the behaviour of a model. The observer will imitate the modelà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s behaviour if the model possesses characteristics that are desirable or acceptable. ( ) The subculture consists of, unwritten rules such as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t ratà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Never rat out an officer in favour of an inmate, and never cooperate in an investigation or testify against a fellow officer in regard to that officerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s treatment of inmates. Never make a fellow officer look bad in front of inmates regar dless of what the officer did. Always support an officer in a dispute with an inmate, therefore donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t criticize a fellow officer, but instead support him or her against any inmate. Always support sanctions against inmates which include the use of illegal force. In addition dont be a white rat, meaning the prohibition of any behaviour, attitude or expressed opinion that could be interpreted as sympathetic toward inmates. Additionally there is also the perception by prison officers that they are despised by society at large and therefore should maintain officer solidarity against all outside groups, which include the media, and the general public. As a consequence of this prison officer subculture, it can be argued that the prison officer subculture contributes and maintains and supports the tremendous amount of employee unethical misconduct and corruption which is usually unreported. (. ) There exist a psychological theory developed by John Locke (. )that proposes t hat everyone is born with a blank slate also known as Tabula Rasa. Furthermore it could be envisioned that coming into the prison environment as a recruit you are being born with a blank slate and you gain your knowledge from your environment and experiences. One does not born corrupt therefore one learns corruption from associations within the job. Therefore it could be assumed that a more ethical civil work environment and ethical work culture would lower the probability of officers becoming corrupt. Rules That Guide The Trinidad and Tobago Prisons Officer Against Corrupted Practices Public agencies including correctional institutions are mandated and expected to operate within a set of rules and regulations. Some examples of the rules and regulations in the Trinidad and Tobago prison service regulations code of conduct that exist to define what is considered unethical acts or corruption, or what acts can lead to corruption, includes ; (20-e) making False Statements, that is t o say, if an officer knowingly makes a false, misleading or inaccurate statement, either orally or in any official document, or with intent to deceive, destroys or mutilates and such document or book or alters or erases any entry . False statements usually lead to a cover up of some sort. (20-h)Improper relations with prisoners or exprisoners, that is to say if a prison officer communicates with a prisoner for an improper purpose, or allows any undue familiarity between a prisoner and himself and any servant of the prisoner or knowingly and without authority communicates with any ex-prisoner; Or knowingly, and without proper authority allows any person to communicate with a prisoner who is not authorized to do so. An officer having improper relations with a inmate will only escalate to more corruption , even if being compensated for allowing unauthorized or improper communication and relations to take place. (20-j)Trafficking, that is to say if a prison officer knowingly and witho ut proper authority carries out any pecuniary or business transactions with or on behalf of any prisoner or exprisoner or with a friend or relative of any prisoner or exprisoner, or brings into the prison or carries out of the prison or attempts to carry out, to or for any prisoner any article whatever; or accepts any present or consideration from any prisoner or exprisoner or from a friend or relative of any prisoner or ex-prisoner. Trafficking mainly depicts when officers bring in or allow to be brought in dangerous contraband such as drugs, weapons, alcohol and even cell phones. (20-k)Corrupt practice, that is to say if knowingly, he solicits or receives an unauthorized fee, gratuity or other consideration in connection with his duties as a prison officer, or improperly uses his position as a prison officer for his private advantage. Unlawful or unnecessary use of authority, that is to say, if he deliberately acts in a manner calculated to provoke a prisoner, or in dealing with a prisoner uses force unnecessarily or where the application of force to a prisoner is necessary uses undue force. It has been perceived the prison officers engage in brutality against inmates. (20-d) Neglect of duty, that is if he neglects or without good and sufficient cause to promptly and diligently to do anything which it is his duty as a prison officer to do, contributes to the occurrence of any loss, damage, or injury to any person or property. It has been alleged that prison officers by turning a blind eye has allowed the physical and even sexual assault on inmates by other inmates for payment or payback for an inconceivable crime such as raping and killing of a baby or a child. Allowing a sort of jail justice. There exist a psychological theory developed by John Locke (. )that proposes that everyone is born with a blank slate also known as Tabula Rasa. Furthermore It could be envisioned that coming into the prison environment as a recruit you are being born with a blank s late and you gain your knowledge from your environment and experiences. One does not born corrupt therefore one learn corruption from associations within the job. Therefore it could be assumed that a more ethical civil work environment and ethical work culture would lower the probability of officers becoming corrupt. Correctional officers have had their careers ended in disgrace as a consequence of unethical acts which are sometimes considered illegal. Some officers may engage in brutality against an inmate or allow inmates to assault each other which could possibly result in death. Additionally officers bring in or allow to be brought in dangerous contraband such as drugs, weapons, alcohol and even cell phones. In addition, there have been accusations of officers allowing or contributing to being perpetrators of inappropriate sexual activity with inmates. Correctional officers who engage in unethical and unprofessional activities can have criminal prosecutions brought against t hem and furthermore expose the correctional institution and by extension the state to lawsuits. .( prison officers may think they are doing a good by dealing with the scome of society and by keeping society safe) if the correctional controlling authority (its leadership) is keen on promoting organizational civility, the rates of corruption by both correctional officers and inmates will fall by themselves.( VIRTUE OF CARE CAN ASSIST IN THE REDUCTION OF CORRUPTUION WITHIN THE PRISON SYSTEM) utilitarian approach, Professionalism inspires workers to excel in whatever they do, truth over deception, and social utility over personal gain-Concomitantly if a conflict arises between matters of fact and matters of value, (DISCONNANCE) professional agencies should pursue the former without ignoring the morality of the latter (simon, 1997,Souryal,2007) Civility Is Instrumental In A Positive Ethical Culture In can be contended that an ethical work environment is instrumental in th e development of an affirmative ethical work culture and with it civility and integrity. The correctional institutions must establish and implement a reformed level of ethical culture with assurance that each officer would have the knowledge of moral principles needed and expected in their performance of their job. Characteristics of ethical professionalism such as honesty, obligation, duty, responsibility and importantly the responsibility of an officer to report the administration when there is probable cause that corruption or any unethical behavior is occurring .Additionally the pillars of civility within the institution stands on the institutions inclination to act in an manner of morality rather than deceptively. Challenges in the implementation of a civil and ethical correctional organization. There exists the contention relating to the implementation of a civil and uncorrupted work force due to the optional management styles of the operational management department. The management of an institution is reinforced and sustained by its workers and in this case the officers. If the managers have adapted an egotistic managerial model of only being concerned of making they look good, it would negatively impact upon the embarkment and embracement of a civil and corrupt free organization. Additionally managers of an institution must be exemplars in the aspects of integrity and ethics. It would be hypocritical and contradictory to demand integrity and ethical behavior from the subordinate correction officers when it is being observed that the managers are using their authority to perform corrupt practices such as violating policies and using the prison resources for their own personal benefit. Also there is a managerial norm in institutions of favoritism between staff which is a factor which is sometimes used in certain aspects of the operational responsibilities and running of the institution. This managerial norm is also very detrimental to the instituti on because it promotes a negative organization culture and thereby a negative civility status. Implementing Anti-corruption Strategies There are various measures that can be implemented in the fight against corruption. A front door method is improving recruitment evaluations and requirements. The recruit stage is the ideal place and situation to improve and sustain the institutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ethical status level. The recruitment drive should incorporate psychological and character assessments for example recognition and production tests which require an applicant to reason through a dilemma and provide some rationale.(Pollock JM 2010) Managers of Correctional Institutions should ensure that their recruitment standards are at a certain level to prevent unwanted applicants from entering the service. The management group of a prison institution is very influential in its capacity in its attempt to reduce corruption. The management group must be perceived as credible thereby portraying the ethics of professionalism. They must also display the ethics of care and virtue by being consistent, reasonable, and sympathetic to the needs of both their officers and their charges. Additionally there should be a reformation of supervisory techniques. Old supervisory methods should be reformed to civil quality based techniques. Techniques such as not only involve monitoring for unethical and corrupt behavior among the subordinates but also, their colleagues. Keeping in mind the utilitarian aspect, which is supposed to surpass individual loyalty. (. ) The institutionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s level of civility can be measured by the cumulative talent the wors culturally gain from their work experience, REFERENCES Morris West. (n.d.). BrainyQuote.com. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from BrainyQuote.com Web site: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/m/morris_west.html Paul Wolfowitz. (n.d.). BrainyQuote.com. Retrieved March 16, 2014, from BrainyQuote.com Web site : https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/p/paul_wolfowitz.html Deterring Corruption by Prison Personnel A Principle-Based Perspective Sam S. Souryal Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, Texas The Prison Journal Volume 89 Number 1 March 2009 21-45  © 2009 SAGE Publications Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ethical Influences and Misconduct in the Prison System" essay for you Create order

Essay on Payday Lending - 1785 Words

Would you pay 390% for a $400 loan? Most people would say no. Many, however, are saying yes. In the industry of payday loans or cash advances this is just the case. A payday advance or cash advance works like this. A borrower has a need arise, whether from bills or Christmas shopping, and they need a small amount of money. Now, their payday has just past and their credit it less then perfect. They do not have a savings account, and due to their credit they do not have a credit card either. So they stop in to a payday lender. The borrower writes a check for $460, and they get $400 in cash. The $60 is the fee for the loan. The lender gives the loan for 14 days, which is until their next payday. In 14 days the borrower has a couple of†¦show more content†¦A person could go the credit union and get a signature loan for just under 13%. Yet, payday lending is still one of the fastest growing businesses. May people believe that is because they prey on the financially uneducated . A good deal of borrowers is those on fixed income or in the lower income bracket. Their credit worthiness is not go, and they may not have any savings accounts. In fact some may have no financial assets whatsoever. The borrowers are apart of a segment of society that the Center for Responsible Lending have dubbed â€Å"unbanked,† According to Payday Lending:Serving the Unbanked by Mike Foley. This segment is primary comprise of the poor. So, when many of these loans are taken out the borrowers can not afford them in the first place. The borrowers only see the small fee for the loan and the fact the company just holds the check, so they see not risk in taking the loan. Most borrowers do not thing about interest rate or just do not care. They have their wants or needs and that is all they can see at the time. The lenders do not really care if the borrower can pay the loan back. Most of these payday stores are open near or in poor communities. Julian Bond, chairman of the Board of the NAACP said, â€Å"visits to day lending stores-which open their doors in low-income communities at a rate equal to Starbucks in affluent ones-are threatening the livelihoods of hard working families and stripping equity form entire communities (Foley). ManyShow MoreRelatedPayday Lending Should Not Be Banned1113 Words   |  5 PagesPhillips WR 121 Does Payday Lending Need to Be Banned? Many financially unstable Americans use payday loans as a means of escape from bills they cannot afford when their low paying jobs do not provide enough for them to live on. In the article â€Å"Many states have cracked down on payday loans. Here’s how lenders still get away with it.† by Jeff Guo, of The Washington Post, payday lenders are criticized as being â€Å"a slippery bunch† but should all payday lending be completely outlawed? Payday loans, sometimesRead MorePayday Lending : Unique Opportunities Essay752 Words   |  4 PagesPayday Lending: Unique Opportunities to Both Sides Nowadays it s very easy to come across some sort of payday loan advertisement. Whether you re watching television, reading an online article, listening to the radio, or driving to the grocery store – payday loans are everywhere. They offer fast money for those times when you need it most and often don t check your credit history. However, they do have high interest rates which means you may end up paying more than you initially borrowed. It sRead MoreShould Online Payday Lending Be Regulated?819 Words   |  4 PagesShould Online Payday Lending Be More Closely Regulated? Should Online Payday Lending Be More Closely Regulated? Payday loans generate lots of controversy because they re offered to people who have bad credit or limited credit histories, which makes them high-risk borrowers. 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Payday Loans - Are They as Bad as Some Make Them Out to Be? Payday loans fulfill real-world needs for families that can t cover emergency expenses from their savings. Even people with stellar credit can t always negotiate loans quickly enough when a financial emergency arises. The premise is simple: Short-term loans are available, even for people with low credit scores, and people can get money into their accounts faster than trying toRead MoreEssay On Installment Loans1276 Words   |  6 Pagesfall into debt traps according to report posted at (-- removed HTML --) qz.com (-- removed HTML --) . The report examined a report by Joseph Williams who praised the lifeline that payday loans offered while deploring the lump-sum repayment difficulties that can affect even well-educated and high-salaried borrowers. Payday loan interest rates are high for these short-term loans that only earn interest for about two weeks. 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Torture in Abu Ghraib Essays - 1643 Words

The author Allen S. Keller, M.D., is the director of the Bellevue Hospital Center and belongs to the member’s advisory council on human rights. (p.558) He is well known for his advocacy on the various use of torture tactics used on Iraqi prisoners and other refuges. During a Congressional meeting Mr. Keller stated To think that abusive methods, including the enhanced interrogation techniques [in which Keller included waterboarding], are harmless psychological ploys is contradictory to well established medical knowledge and clinical experience. (â€Å"CNN†, 2007) In this paper, I summarize the article and identify relevant information and any changes that may have occurred since the publication of this article. I will also offer comments and†¦show more content†¦That there are long term physical and psychological consequences of torture in regards to Iraqi detainees due to months of abuse and mistreatment. The lack of sound medical professionals also needs to be called to attention. Upon the interviewing and debriefing the detainee victims in this case, resulted in significant long term physical and psychological suffering. Forensic psychological evaluations tests such as the Istanbul protocol were conducted on both former Iraqi detainees of Abu Ghraib. (Keller, 2006) The use of this test confirmed the significant amount of torture both physically and psychologically. Although Keller offered persuasive evidence to support his analysis of significant psychological trauma, from mistreatment during imprisonment, Keller has failed to prove his case on long term physical trauma as a result of abuse. However he proved beyond a doubt that both detainees indeed do suffer and continue to suffer psychological stress do to abuse endured. One psychological stressor proven is both individuals suffer from PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) as a direct result of imprisonment and abuse of which prior to imprisonment and some investigations, both individuals were psychologically sound. While both allegations of torture and abuse documented in the articleShow MoreRelatedThe Massacre And Abu Ghraib Torture Prison1660 Words   |  7 PagesMy Lai massacre and the Abu Ghraib torture prison were both tragic events in history that Americans were involved in. The My Lai massacre took place during the Vietnam war in 1968. Lieutenant William Calley ordered the Charlie C ompany to proceed with the attack on the village of My Lai. Their goal was to exterminate the Viet Cong combatants and any one who stood in their way, but they ended up killing hundreds of innocent unarmed civilians instead. 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Academic Essential Writing Curbing Corruption

Question: Discuss about the Academic Essential Writing for Curbing Corruption. Answer: Introduction In the public and virtual spheres, the online betting is a mooted issue. The Singapore parliament and public sphere debate the particular issue. In the assignment, I aim to reflect on a specific debate related to the topic of online betting. With a persuasive flair, I intend to defend my position, while arguing for a particular stance on this issue. I will start the assignment with the definition of online betting. The veritable question is what do we mean by online betting? To start with, online betting is synonymous to online gambling. It is a general term for gambling using the internet. In the recent time, gambling assumes a new connotation (Winslow et al., 2015). The virtual gambling gains a wider currency among the young and middle-aged population in the Asiatic countries. With the advent of the internet, the betting strategies become variegated. The betting habits encompass video lottery terminals, keno and scratchcards (Cheong, 2017). With the introduction of these gambling techniques, the gambling industry attains a new dimension. These new strategies permeate the global landscape. Factors of online betting In the assignment, I will explore certain issues like moral, economic, ethical and social issues. Because of these varied issues, the government allows two lottery operators to provide online betting. As far as the moral issue is concerned, online gambling is not a safe thing.The present technology is not adequate to preclude the minor candidates from gambling on the virtual domain. It is believed that the internet gambling is detrimental to the society and culture. The online gambling augments tension and spawns serious problems (teenage crime, suicide episodes, and fraudulent practices). At the same time, the virtual gamblers practice chicanery and unethical drilling to garner lump sum money. The virtual pokers and jesters are targeted by the federal government (Markham Young, 2015). These categories of people engage in laundering money and committing bank fraud. Therefore, online betting or internet gambling should be restricted by the government. Online betting has an ethical pr emise that needs to be discussed in the segment. It is significant to comprehend the legal and ethical covenants of the gaming industry. Online betting or internet gambling falls under the gaming industry (Markham Young, 2015). With the advancement of technology, gambling assumes a new space. The internet gambling or online betting occupies a realistic ground. The new technology bolsters the ethical obligation of the online betting or internet gambling. As far as the social factor is concerned, online betting or internet gambling takes an interesting stance. The medium of gambling is new and there are less or negligible studies done on the particular domain (Larmour, 2014). It is difficult to assess the social impact of online betting in the recent time. The opponents of online gambling claim that high addiction is a growing social concern among the young population. In addition, cyber hacking and money laundering are all-pervasive in Singapore. These are some of the issues that ar e significant in the segment. Due to these factors, the government allows two lottery operators to offer online betting. An eminent politician of Singapore, Tan Chuan Jin supports the decision of government regarding the provision of two lottery operators. To his belief, it is important to incorporate two lottery operators, which provide a coordinated and safe forum for gamblers. The politician focuses on an important fact in his interview. He underscores that the government shows its reluctance against online betting, which is accelerating at a rapid pace. The politician claims that the practice of gambling will increase incessantly. Therefore, it is indispensable to bring the activity within a strict fold (Gainsbury et al., 2016). It is decided to incorporate a regulated vent through which the government can resolve any problem. At the same time, the government adds another restriction. In order to use the legal gambling platforms, the age should be at least 21 years or above. It is essential for the gamblers to operate within an exclusive zone (Cheong, 2017). Going with the motion In this segment, I think that the government of Singapore has made a right decision related to online betting. The government decides to allow two lottery operators that restrict the medium of online betting. The government comprehends the graveness of the situation. It is difficult to cease the operation of online gambling. Therefore, it is advisable to bring online betting or internet gambling within a strict fold. At another spectrum, the social workers and the consumers feel that online betting would increase the rate of addiction. Mr. Alan Lee, a photographer, explains the problem of gambling in his interview. He believes that online betting services would increase addiction among the young population of Singapore. The young people should concentrate on their academics. At the same time, the schools and colleges should educate the students about the disadvantages of online betting (Ma et al., 2014). Many people regard the move of the government a bad idea (Ma et al., 2014). Online betting would hamper the growth and development of young people of Singapore. Therefore, many people did not subscribe to the idea of online betting services in Singapore. At the same time, online betting would welcome many fake gambling websites that engage in money laundering. In the past few years, the process of online gambling minimized the law and other regulations in Singapore. In addition, the lottery opera tors like Singapore pools and Singapore Turf club engage in online betting services (Rhode Strumpf, 2013). These lottery operators entail a rigid policy that is a growing concern among the individuals of Singapore. Going against the motion I think that the online betting is detrimental to the society and culture. It is an alarming concern among the young population of Singapore. However, it is difficult for the government to restrict the spread of online betting services in Singapore. In an advanced era, online betting gains a wider currency (Chow, 2017). To my belief, online betting or internet gambling eats into the vitality of the young society. The young generation derives fun and excitement from online gambling sites. Therefore, the government has made the right decision related to online betting. It is significant to bring the online betting service within a regulated circuit. In the section, I subscribe to the view of the government related to online betting. References Cheong, D. "Online Betting To Be Allowed In Next Two Months Via Singapore Pools, Singapore Turf Club". The Straits Times. N.p., 2017. Web. 25 Mar. 2017. Chow, J. "Legal Online Betting May Be Available Soon". The Straits Times. N.p., 2017. Web. 25 Mar. 2017. Gainsbury, S. M., Delfabbro, P., King, D. L., Hing, N. (2016). An exploratory study of gambling operators use of social media and the latent messages conveyed. Journal of Gambling Studies, 32(1), 125-141. Larmour, P. (2014). Different Paths to Curbing Corruption: Lessons from Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong, New Zealand, and Singapore edited by Jon ST Quah, ed. Research in Public Policy Analysis and Management, Vol. 23. Bingley: Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2013. 255 pp. $114.95 (cloth). Ma, X., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. S. (2014). Online gambling behavior: The impacts of cumulative outcomes, recent outcomes, and prior use. Information Systems Research, 25(3), 511-527. Markham, F., Young, M. (2015). Big Gambling: The rise of the global industry-state gambling complex. Rhode, P. W., Strumpf, K. (2013). The long history of political betting markets: an international perspective. Winslow, M., Cheok, C., Subramaniam, M. (2015). Gambling in Singapore: An overview of history, research, treatment and policy. Addiction, 110(9), 1383-1387.

In what way does Baz Luhrman make Act 1 scene 5 more appealing to a teenage audience Essay Example For Students

In what way does Baz Luhrman make Act 1 scene 5 more appealing to a teenage audience? Essay Romeo and Juliet is a play written by William Shakespeare in 1595. Later Baz Luhrham produced the film in 1997. The play is about two families, the Capulets and the Montagues. The two families are very different and dislike each other. We then meet two teenage children, Romeo a Montague and Juliet a Capulet. Romeo and Juliet meet at a party and fall in love at first sight. They decide to get married disobeying both their parents. Juliets parents are marrying her to Paris the next day, so Juliet drinks a sleeping potion. Romeo thinks she is dead as does everyone else, and kills himself. Juliet wakes up to Romeo lying next to her dead, she then kills herself. Shakespeares play and Baz Luhrmans film have the same messages and feelings of love being more powerful than prejudice, rules and hatred. This comes across at many different points in Romeo and Juliet. The emotion of love at first sight is very strong and significant. An example of this is shown when Romeo declares his sudden affection for Juliet. After seeing her, in Act 1 Scene 5, he forgets all about his apparent love for Rosaline. Hatred comes across in both the film and the play, although it comes across much stronger and obvious in the film. Baz Luhrman uses hatred and violence all throughout the play. He almost evolves the film around violence, fighting and arguments. I think Luhrman does this to attract a wider range of people of different age groups and with different interests. Prejudice also plays a part in the play and film; this is shown by the arguments between the two families, The Montagues and The Capulets. The two families have been fighting for years and therefore they expected their children to stay away from one another. Juliet is so in love with Romeo that she is prepared to give up her family name for him, so that they could be together for example, if he be married. My grave is like my wedding bed. However, she doesnt think through the consequences that her father told her when she decided that she didnt want to marry Paris. Juliets family arranged her to marry him because of Paris wealth and status. Juliet did not want to go through with the marriage because she did not love Paris and did not want a bigamist marriage as she was already married to Romeo. Juliet felt that she could not tell her parents about Romeo as she would be in big trouble, we know this because of how Juliets father acted when she told him she did not want to marry Paris. Shakespeare and Luhrman both used rules made by the Prince, which stated that if either of the families fight again the person who started the fight would be killed. Revenge is also used in the play and film, although it is used and shown more in the film. There are many differences between the Elizabethan theatre and a film. The Elizabethan theatre was a performance in an open-air stage. There was standing space for most people and a seating area for the more wealthy visitors. The performance would be at around noon and would be shown in broad daylight, there were no special lighting or effects to help the actors. Males played all parts; females were not allowed to act in the Elizabethan theatre even if this meant two men kissing, at this time people would have not thought this of being abnormal. The costumes were simple and without any lighting, sound, or special effects the language was very important. .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .postImageUrl , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:hover , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:visited , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:active { border:0!important; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:active , .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8 .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u311fb7f8f51261ba4abfb3a25a0b04e8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Nurse is employed by the Capulet EssayThe Elizabethan audience referred to going to hear the play rather than see it, emphasising that the theatre was an oral rather than visual experience. Also the visitors did not have to sit or stand in silence and watch the show as we do now when watching films. The theatre was more of a meeting place where people were free to eat, drink, meet up, chat and even join in with the production. It is very different with a modern film and audience. The actors are male and female, have believable costumes, many special effects and lighting. This makes films seem much more believable. Although a modern audience expects it to be believable and would argue if it didnt, in the Elizabethan theatre the audience expected no more than a few actors stood on stage speaking. Also nowadays the director picks certain actors and actresses, maybe for their looks, popularity or talent. Shakespeares purpose of writing the play was to entertain people and of course to make money. Luhrmans purpose of the film was to answer the question if Shakespeare were alive today, how would he make a film? He also wanted to let teenagers know who Shakespeare was, and let them no that Shakespeares plays arent just chores that have to be studied at school. Act 1 scene 5 is set at the Capulets party. Romeo sneaks in because he thinks his true love Rosaline is going to be there. Romeo and Juliet meet through a fish tank separating the ladies and gentlemens toilets. Juliet is then introduced to Paris, her future husband, although Romeo and Juliet cannot keep their eyes off each other. Romeo now forgets all about Rosaline and says he is in love with Juliet for example, did my heart love till now? Forswear it sight, for I neer saw true beauty till this night. This makes me feel as if Romeo doesnt really know what love is and isnt being serious. Although we are still convinced that there love for each other is real. This is because of the language they use, music, location, their facial expressions and even their clothing. We also notice a difference in the way Romeo describes Rosaline and Juliet, for example, his use of religious imagery describes Juliet as a holy shrine and indicates a move towards a more spiritual consideration of love. Romeo and Juliet is set in the gangs and gun culture of Verona beach. It was filmed in Mexico City. Baz Luhrman picked Mexico City because it could have represented anywhere in the world. It also looks realistic and is a religious city. Act 1 scene 5 is set at the Capulets house, where they are having a party. From seeing the house we can already tell a lot about them. The house is huge, modern and full of gold expensive objects. By this we can see that they must be a very wealthy family. There is loud music and disco lights. Then the setting changes into the toilets. There is a fish tank separating the toilets. Romeo and Juliet are on either side and then spot each other. We then are taken back into the party, where they meet for the first time and kiss. Baz Luhrman picked a good choice of actors and actresses for his adaptation of Romeo and Juliet. Leonardo DiCaprio played the part of Romeo. Luhrman picked him because he had already been in films before so he was familiar and obviously had some fans that would go and see the film because he was in it. He is also very confident and very good-looking. These things always attract more people to see the film, especially teenagers. Claire Danes played the part of Juliet. She was not very well known before the film but was picked as she had a familiar face and had the girl next door look about her. .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .postImageUrl , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:hover , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:visited , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:active { border:0!important; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:active , .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uffe80e9cc460ead57a7a667aa898584e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Drunk and Fatigue EssayShe was attractive but not as a Hollywood star looks like. I think Luhrman picked her because of her having a familiar face, it could remind the audience of someone they know. Also because Luhrman felt that teenagers could relate to her. Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes (Romeo and Juliet) look good together and look like a good couple. This makes the story line easier to believe and more romantic. They are also very convincing and make the story believable. The Capulets were all picked because they were tall and looked strong. The Montagues had a younger look and were all quite small. Luhrman chose to do this because it was easier for the audience to notice that the Capulets were the rich and posh ones and the Montagues were quite poor. The music was very important in Romeo and Juliet. It fitted in well with the story line and the acting. They used slow music for romantic scenes and fast music for action scenes. The music helps to add to the atmosphere. The music attracts more teenagers to the film, as it was modern music liked by teenagers. In act 1 scene 5 there was very fast loud disco music as there was a party, once we had entered the toilet there is slow, romantic music as it is when Romeo and Juliet first meet. It is clever how Baz Luhrman uses music in the film and how it affects the way we feel.

Steve Jobs A Charismatic Leader

Introduction Before his premature death after a long and brave fight with cancer, Steve Jobs had become a force to reckon in the IT field. Steve Jobs had an equal number of friends as enemies within the company, which depended on their relationship.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Steve Jobs: A Charismatic Leader specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As the Apple’s co-founder, Steve was a celebrity, who commanded respect from his colleagues and many people across the world. His colleagues focused on every word that Jobs uttered during his speeches. They believed that his words had a hidden meaning. Hence, his constituents could go through his letters trying to decipher the hidden message. As a boss, Steve Jobs was forceful, tough, decisive, and astoundingly inspirational. As a businessperson, he was cunning and cold. His tactics were hardhearted and his business ideas were unsullied. In all areas, Jobs did not falter to speak out his views whenever he felt that things were not going as planned. Steve Jobs was a vibrant and alluring leader. His charisma saw him make significant improvement in Apple Company. Steve Jobs, obsessed with desire for perfection ended up losing his job in Apple. His goals crashed with those of the organization prompting the board members to withdraw all his responsibilities. His dismissal acted as an opportunity for him to revolutionalize the computer industry. During the period that he was out of Apple, Steve used his knowledge and charisma to draw a team of staff close to him, which helped him to enhance his knowledge in the production of animations. Moreover, he learnt the science of producing operating systems. His return to Apple is considered as a wonderful move that rescued a company that was in the blink of collapsing.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With his charisma, Jobs managed to earn the trust of people who had initially seen him as arrogant and bossy and through their help; he revived Apple and made it significant in the computer world once more. Leadership style Steve was a strong and alluring director. According to Boje, a charismatic leader is one that draws all his or her subjects towards him through dint of charm and personality (433-445). In most cases, charismatic leaders are born with the charisma. They take time to study their surrounding and are able to identify the mood of their audience, therefore using their skills to suit the circumstances. Moreover, charismatic leaders have a great deal of poise, commanding vision, hard to convince to change their mind, and a dominant, even a pushy character. These features help them overcome all sorts of crisis that come their way. Nevertheless, the traits could at times make such leaders dangerous, especially if they happen to pursue the wrong vision (Boje 450-461). As a charismatic leader, Jobs was remarkably inspirational, liked using anecdotes to motivate, and his desire for perfection was moving (Bryman 289-291). Depending on actions that insist on the instructional style, Steve did not rush to share his thoughts about the course he felt the project ought to take. Besides, he was always ready to influence his juniors to adopt his opinions regarding problem-solving techniques. The charismatic personality of Steve Jobs helped Apple Company overcome numerous crisis, made significant and productive changes, and even led to employees agreeing to work for 90 hours per week with limited resistant. Through his leadership, the company could now meet deadlines, a phenomenon that was once considered as impossible in the company. His charisma, dominating influence, and conviction also led to Jobs losing his job in Apple Company when he blatantly opposed the move by the board members to change the course of the company (Bryman 296).Adver tising We will write a custom research paper sample on Steve Jobs: A Charismatic Leader specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to (Appleyard 16), Jobs had the salesperson’s passion for the product and great determination to make sure that his company is successful. With such determination, there was the potential of Apple Company becoming a success as well as many people turning into Jobs’ foes. As a normal charismatic leader, Steve Jobs had numerous hurdles to surmount during his young age. First, he was an adopted child. Consequently, he had the problem of trying to understand his identity. His desire to establish his personal identity was intertwined with his dedication to Eastern beliefs and the pursuit for truth. Awamleh and Gardner assert that a close acquaintance of Steve Jobs during the 1970s, once said, â€Å"Steve Jobs felt some kind of unresolved pain over being adopted†¦he hired a private inves tigator to try to track down his mother†¦he was obsessed with it for a while† (345). Another instance of Steve Jobs’ charisma at vocation was his chronological propensity to use anecdotes to motivate and inspire his employees. Stories are powerful instruments for leaders working in technological institutions. They promote creativity among the employees as they make their mind see the bigger picture of the company. Besides, anecdotes help the leaders build a culture and promote organizational goals, mission, and vision. By using stories, Jobs made his employees develop the feeling that their contribution to the company was helping it stand out internationally. Steve asserted that his intension was to establish a gap in the world through Apple Company (Burrows and Grover 18). This mission guided all his operations and he worked hard to inculcate the same mission in the minds of all his employees. The assignment gave workers a sense of purpose, which promoted to their loyalty to the organizational goals. Steve’s leadership in Apple Steve Jobs, together with Steve Wozniak established Apple Company in 1979. They built Apple I as their first computer, which they offered in the market at $666.66. The computer was received well in the market leading to the company selling over 600 computers.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In 1977, the company came up with Apple II. The computer had the capacity to run business programs. Consequently, many people purchased the computer, making it the first personal computer to receive a massive market reception (Burrows and Grover 18). Steve’s approach to leadership in Apple Company was influential. He did not assume an official position as the chief executive officer. Instead, he acted as one of the board members. Scott Markkula was given the role of the president of Apple Computer, Inc. while Steve Jobs became the chairperson of the board members. Later, John Sculley became the company’s chief executive officer, but Steve Jobs retained the leadership position of the company. Steve’s superior personality and charisma pulled employees closer to him. With time, his goals contradicted with those of the Apple Computer Inc. leading to a power struggle between him and Sculley (Burrows and Grover 18). Jobs’ relations within and without the compan y Steve Jobs had a unique way of associating with his employees. He could be awfully kind, encouraging, and gratifying. At one fell swoop, he could also be downhearted, malicious, difficult, and demanding. His relationship with other corporations, suppliers, and consumers was equally impulsive. It was hard to know what to expect from Steve Jobs no matter how long one had worked with him (Conger, Kanungo, and Menon 747). He had an astonishing capacity to marshal people behind him and engage him in activities geared towards his personal and organizational interests. For instance, he was capable of addressing all problems relating to sales and supplies. At one time, demand for the Apple II computers went high exerting pressure on the manufacture of cases, especially when there was machine failure. The company could not continue supplying the computers efficiently and this affected its cash flow. Describing the incidence Conger, Kanungo, and Menon said, â€Å"The suppliers went on ramp age demanding their payment while Apple Computer Inc. was working hard to manage 60-day credit purchases with the amount it collected from its sales to consumers on a 30-day basis† (749). Steve rescued the situation by promising a bonus to manufacturers who met their production target ahead of the set timeframe. According to Conger, Kanungo and Menon, â€Å"†¦manufacturers were to get $1,000 for weekly delivered cases ahead of schedule† (750). The move motivated the manufactures prompting them to repair their machines. Within a short period, they started supplying the company with enough cases that helped it meet the demand in the market. The cash flow in the company regained its initial position (Conger, Kanungo, and Menon 749-759). Steve managed to rescue a company that was almost closing its doors due to bankruptcy. Another example of Steve’s charismatic leadership during the same financial crisis depicts his dark side and his dedication to addressing the employees’ needs. There was a problem in the routine back up, which led to a programmer losing six weeks of work. Call Company was given the mandate of carrying out the routine back up. After the incidence, the company’s head declined to offer the back-up services to Apple because Jobs and Wozniak mistreated him during the incident. Moreover, Apple Computer Inc. was not paying for the backup services during the financial crisis (Conger, Kanungo, and Menon 766). Steve Jobs assured Kamradt (the Call Company’s head) that he would pay all his dues if he agreed to give Apple the back-up tape. Kamradt agreed to cooperate and give Apple the tape to recover its lost work. He later visited Jobs in his office to collect his pay. On getting to Jobs’ office, Kamradt got shocked when Steve told him that he would not pay him because his computers had deleted weeks of work. He had no choice but to leave the office frustrated and that marked the end of his relationship with Apple Computer Inc. The negative side of Jobs’ Charisma The zeal and fervor that overwhelmed Steve about the Apple Company, which swayed his employees to trust in his abilities, and that, endowed him with influential and informal leadership, as a board member in the company is also the same zeal and fervor that ultimately made him lose his job in the company (Conger â€Å"Inspiring others† 31-37). The company was starting to perform poorly. Its sales volume was down with the estimated sales of Macintosh being at 10 percent. Steve blamed Sculley for the poor performance. He insisted that for the company to improve its performance, Sculley had to relinquish his presidency and give him the responsibility. Jobs’ charisma had earned him a lot of support and trust from a majority of the company’s employees. Hence, he was ready to do everything to ensure that he ousted Sculley. He went to the extent of organizing for a coup in the company. The companyâ€⠄¢s management board discovered the coup before it actually took place and withdrawn all the responsibilities given to Steve. He was to act as the chairperson of the company’s board members. Subsequent change After leaving the company, Steve moved to Europe where he began to popularize the Apple II computer. Eventually, he managed to buy a tent and a bicycle to aid his movement across the country. The transformation gave him an opportunity to reconsider his approach of seeing and interpreting things. His attitude towards the public changed significantly. He stopped focusing on personal interests and worked towards helping the company grow. At one point, he agreed that it comes a time when one focuses on his or her inner values. Perhaps that is what he was doing during his work in Europe and later in Russia (Conger â€Å"Inspiring others† 41-44). Later, Steve Jobs went back to Cupertino, and through his charisma, he managed to acquire a market from the universities in t he region. He instantly embarked on the establishment of a new company, NeXT, to facilitate in development of computers that could satisfy the budget and performance requirements. He used his charisma to lure some of his former colleagues in Apple Computer Inc. to join him and form the company. He relinquished his responsibility as the Chairman of Apple (Conger â€Å"Inspiring others† 45). He had already discovered his potential and enjoyed working with a small number of staff that was ready to develop superior products that could revolutionalize the world. Leadership hitches in NeXT Steve was fervent about his job. He held the belief that things ought to go his way. He was not ready to partake in any project that did not meet his interests. This was evident in how he managed the negotiations between his company and International Business Machine (IBM) Company. Soon after establishing the company and inventing a novel operating system, which was simple to understand and apply , he intimated to IBM’s CEO, how dominant and valuable operating system would be (Conger â€Å"Max Weber’s Conceptualization† 277-283). IBM was attracted by the advantage that Steve and his company brought to it and assembles some representatives to facilitate in negotiations. The representatives presented to Steve a 100-page contract, which he declined and compiled his six-page contract, which he ensured that it addressed all his interests. During the negotiations process, NeXT Company incurred huge loss. By then, IBM was relying on Microsoft for its operating systems. Steve saw this as an opportunity to lure IBM to enter into a business agreement with NeXT (Conger â€Å"Max Weber’s Conceptualization† 286). Leadership alterations with Pixar Whilst working on NeXT, Steve managed to convince George Lucas to sell his hardware and software studio. This demonstrated his charismatic leadership. He used his tolerance, concession ability, and instinct to obtain the studio. It highlighted the influence of his charismatic leadership and the transformations he was about to make upon his return to Apple. His ability to stay put and to convince people that he is pursuing the right goals always earned him trust (Conger â€Å"Max Weber’s Conceptualization† 288). He knew when to apply his skills as well as who to target. When Steve presented his proposal to George for the first time, George agreed to sell the studio under the condition that Steve would part with $30 million. However, Jobs learnt that George was in a business contract with Ross Pert. Based on the nature of their business contract, Steve knew that the contract would not last for long. He decided to wait until the two fall out to approach George with his proposal. Later, George accepted to sell the studio at $10 million. He named the studio Pixar, which later took control of the digital animation industry (Sharma and Grant 13). Reappointment in Apple Company NeXT was still struggling in the wake of Steve’s capricious leadership. Despite his charisma, Steve was still not able to make viable business decisions. The greatest achievement he had made in the company was to come up with an operating system. The company was no longer making further innovations. It had nothing unique to show to the investors. In 1996, Apple felt that it required a novel operating system to make its computers competitive (Sharma and Grant 14-18). The company started negotiations with Sun Microsystems. In addition, Microsoft Company through Bill Gates offered to work with Apple in the development of a new operating system. Meanwhile, one of the Apple’s board members was working on an operating system in his company, Be, Inc. Without Jobs’ knowledge, some engineers in NeXT Company learnt about the intentions of the Apple Computer, Inc and contacted the company to see if it could buy their operating system. Through his charisma, Steve managed to win the trust of the Apple’s board members. They entered into a contract where NeXT supplied Apple with not only its operating system but also with staff. Eventually, Apple bought NeXT and gave Steve the role of a special adviser. Later, Steve Jobs became the acting chief executive officer of Apple. For Steve, charisma is not something he decided to apply in his leadership (Harvey 253-257). Normally, a leader ought to earn his or her leadership, and in charismatic leadership, just like other forms of leadership, a leader has to involve and consult with his or her support staff. The workforce has to relate a leader with charismatic behaviors before he or she can allege to have the traits. For people who attended an Apple Developer Conference, they could claim that Jobs possessed charismatic qualities. Jobs applied impression management to establish a strong relationship with his colleagues advertently (Harvey 258-261). Whenever he was in a meeting, he tried as much as possible to ensure that he impresses his audience. Besides, he had the power to influence the media to report what he wanted. These influences helped Steve to cover his dark side leading to the majority of employees trusting in all that he claimed to support (Sharma and Grant 21). Jobs’ leadership style in Apple had always been a nightmare to the majority of staff members as well as to the media. Harvey posits, â€Å"Jobs’ ‘reality distortion field’ has always been a double-edged sword†¦Stories in Silicon Valley about Jobs’ narcissism, temper, epic tantrums, and bad behavior are as legendary as his feats† (263). For instance, Deutschman documents a dramatic episode in which Jobs openly reprimanded a software programmer for not providing him with quality software. Yet, majority of the employees that had worked with Steve perceived him in a more empathetic manner. Most of them felt that those opposed to Jobs’ policy misunderstand him. Jobs alw ays sought to ensure that him, together with other employees give the best to the clients. However, his obsession for perfection made people misunderstand him and view him as bossy and arrogant. Steve’s ability to forge and uphold a strong charismatic image with his employees, despite his character, was mainly because of efficient ‘stage management’. Stories about his negative side would never be released to the public. Jobs used his charisma to make his employees believe that confidential matters like spontaneous products and business activities ought not to be made public. In 2007, he used his influence to silence a website (ThinkSecret) that used to expose all the information regarding the company’s new products (Roche and Sadowsky 1-5). For years, Steve Jobs used the company’s special events and conferences as platforms to correspond with the clients. For instance, Jobs enjoyed the privilege of opening every Macworld conference by addressing the participants. This gave him an opportunity to use his charisma to lure people to buy to his policies. Besides the Macworld, Jobs always had an opportunity to meet his employees and board members during the company’s Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) (Sharma and Grant 25-26). During the conference, he got an opportunity to display his latest innovations in terms of technology and software. This gave him an upper hand in his effort to sway the board members and other employees to his side. Conclusion One of the factors that made Steve Jobs a great business leader was that he was always guided by a particular objective in his life. He once alleged that his enthusiasm emanated from love, confidence, and loss and that he always factored in the three elements in all the decisions he made. At the beginning, Steve applied his charisma and passion for perfection to influence employees and earn their respect. The two qualities helped him achieve a lot in the company though they l ater also saw him lose everything in a company he had worked tireless to see it grow. Steve had a unique way of relating with staff as well as the suppliers. At one point, he could be very kind and motivating and all of a sudden turn and become thankless and demanding. This impulsive way of management gave him an opening to win the confidence of all the stakeholders since they barely knew what to anticipate from him. The zeal and fervor that saw Jobs try to make Apple a perfect company later led to his dismissal from the company. Steve started blaming Sculley for the poor performance in the company. He went to the extent of claiming that the company could only perform if they allowed him to assume the company’s presidency. These utterances and the subsequent plan to stage a coup in the company led to the board members taking away his powers in the company. He was given the role of a chairperson of the board members. Steve did not receive this development kindly prompting him to leave the company and move to Europe where he embarked on promoting Apple II computers. The period he worked in Europe earned him a lot of experience and helped him change his leadership style as well as the dimension of interpreting issues. As a leader in NeXT and Pixar, Steve Jobs learnt to accommodate the other people’s opinions. He no longer insisted on doing things his way. 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